Sense of belonging

Shared perception and multilevel measurement in the Cuban state-owned enterprise

Abstract

This article aims to analyze the shared perception and the global index of the sense of belonging, based on a model grounded in complexity perspectives that integrates systemic, strategic, subjective, multidimensional, and multilevel approaches, thereby contributing to the measurement of this human talent intangible within Cuban state-owned enterprises. The study employs participant observation, analysis of official documents, free word association, and questionnaires, utilizing a stratified probability sample. Data were processed using statistical software (SPSS version 29 and UCINET version 6.831). Key results include: 1) the management model for the sense of belonging; 2) the analysis of shared perception; 3) the identification of multilevel descriptors; and 4) the determination of indices to guide its strategic management. The study concludes that there is a low global index and a poor shared perception regarding the sense of belonging to the work and the organization.